(par 2.2.2. 3. ) Plant litter (wikipedia)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_litter From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Leaf litter, mainly White Beech, Gmelinaleichhardtii, from Black Bulga State Conservation Area, NSW, Australia Litterfall, plant litter, leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, or duff, is dead plant material, such as leaves, bark, needles, and twigs, that has fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the […]
(par 2.2.1. 8) Fire and its Effects on the Environment
Environmental Effects USDA Forest Service Southern Region, February 1989; Technical Publication R8-TP 11 Prescribed burning has direct and indirect effects on the environment. Proper use of prescribed fire, and evaluation of the benefits and costs of a burn require knowledge of how fire affects vegetation, wildlife, soil, water, and air. Burning techniques and timing of […]
(par 2.2.1. 3) Water distribution on Earth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_distribution_on_Earth From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A graphical distribution of the locations of water on Earth Visualisation of the distribution (by volume) of water on Earth. Each tiny cube (such as the one representing biological water) corresponds to approximately 1,000 km³ of water, with a mass of about 1 trillion tonnes (200,000 times that of […]